https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/ Journal of Children's Literature Studies en daily 1 Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0330 Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0330 https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8316.html  Author, text, and reader are a triad whose relationship has always been matter of consideration throughout the history of literary criticism. The text is nothing more than a set of signs, inviting the reader to construct the meaning of it. One of the controversial issues in reading and understanding the meaning of a text has always been whether the text itself provokes the reader’s act of interpretation or the reader’s own interpretive strategies impose solutions to the problems posed by the text. Before the recent reader-response theories, Umberto Eco in The Role of the Reader (1979), spoke of open and closed texts, defining open text as a text that allows multiple or mediated interpretation by the readers. In contrast, closed texts lead the reader to one correct and valid interpretation.Regarding the diversity of definitions of adolescence, the young adult novel has had various definitions as well, which are in relationship with young audiences. The adolescents define their identity in fluctuation between various binaries and challenge pre-existing meanings with openness. The young adult novel is, consequently, an arena of conflict and redefinition of meanings. It is necessary to reflect the intertwined relationships between signifiers and the signifieds of text in form and content, and to move towards polysemy and acceptance of multiple meanings by involving its audience in reading and interpretation process. Therefore, reader-response theories might be helpful in understanding the relationship between the adolescent reader and the texts written for them.  https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8669.html Psychological studies of literature play a significant role in analyzing the deeper layers of fictional characters, and in this regard, Alfred Adler’s individual psychology, by explaining the process of personality development within the individual’s social life and self-awareness, provides a framework for analyzing literary characters. The present study, based on Adler’s individual psychology, offers a psychological analysis of the character “Ziba,” the adolescent protagonist of the novel Call Me Ziba (2015) by Farhad Hassanzadeh. This novel, while narrating the life of its adolescent subject, directly and indirectly reflects important issues concerning neglected children and child laborers. The findings of this study reveal that Ziba, due to environmental factors such as parental neglect and social rejection, develops an “inferiority complex,” and her lifestyle gradually tends toward an “avoidant” personality type. The narrative portrays Ziba’s mental, personal, and behavioral processes in her efforts to overcome the inferiority complex, compensate for deprivations, and reconstruct her individual identity. However, environmental and social conditions result in the formation of a fragile identity, which illustrates the influence of environmental determinism on the personality development of vulnerable and neglected adolescents. This, in turn, highlights the importance of emotional and social support in the process of their personality growth https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8448.html This research investigates how the concepts of “authority” and “child agency” are conveyed in two Persian translations of the classic novel Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Employing a mixed-methods approach—including corpus analysis, a survey of 150 Iranian children, and 60-person focus groups—this study demonstrates the role of lexical choices and paratextual elements (such as prefaces and cover designs) in shaping children’s perception of Alice’s character. The translation by Mahnaz Fasihhi, adopting a “defamiliarization” approach, preserves Alice’s defiance and inquisitiveness, presenting her as a powerful and agentic figure. Conversely, the translation by Ali Habibian, by adopting a “domestication” strategy and employing the Persian etiquette of ta’arof (polite deference), moderates Alice’s overt resistance and emphasizes the authority of the adult characters. Survey results indicated that children, particularly those residing in cities or more familiar with Western media, preferred the Fasihhi version, viewing Alice as more confident and inquisitive. Focus group data further revealed that children play an active role in interpreting meaning, and their perceptions are influenced by their socio-cultural contexts. This research emphasizes that the translation of children’s literature is a significant arena for cultural exchange and the construction of meaning around authority and agency, where the combination of linguistic strategies and paratextual elements plays a crucial role. Such research opens new horizons for understanding translation as a cultural and dialogic process. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8626.html  Children’s literature, as an audience-oriented field, has consistently sought to address the cognitive, emotional, and cultural needs of children. In contemporary scholarship, the concept of “childhood” is understood not as a natural and fixed condition, but as a historical and social construct shaped within diverse cultural and ideological contexts. Therefore, children’s literature, in addition to possessing a dynamic nature that allows it to be continually redefined in tandem with evolving conceptions of childhood, also assumes an interdisciplinary nature through its interaction with fields such as philosophy, mysticism, psychology, and educational sciences, deriving its meaning from their convergence. Among the shared concepts within these disciplines, imagination occupies a distinctive position. In both classical theoretical traditions and modern approaches, imagination has been conceived as a mediating faculty between the sensible and the intelligible worlds, or between different domains of the mind. Given the fundamental role of imagination in the process of literary creation as well as in the cognitive and emotional development of the child, the central question of this study is as follows: What common features can be identified in definitions of imagination within philosophy, mysticism, and psychology? In what ways do these shared features resemble the nature of childhood imagination and how might they contribute to clarifying the position of imagination in children’s literature? The significance of this inquiry lies in the fact that establishing the theoretical foundations of children’s literature remains incomplete without recognizing imagination as the connecting link among these disciplines. Moreover, such an approach can offer constructive and illuminating responses to the challenging theoretical questions concerning the nature of children’s literature.  https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8492.html Intertextuality in young adult literature is not merely a literary technique but also a cultural and educational strategy. By connecting adolescents to their cultural heritage, global texts, and contemporary media, this approach transforms them into active readers. From this perspective, young adult fiction serves purposes beyond entertainment, becoming a medium for fostering identity, critical thinking, and creativity.In this comparative, qualitative study based on textual analysis, the intertextual relations between the Persian novel The Dragon’s Palace (Kākh-e Azhdahā) by Arman Aryan and the classic novel The Brothers Lionheart (translated to The Valley of the Roses[in Persian]) by Astrid Lindgren are examined through the lens of Gérard Genette’s theory. Both narratives follow the shared pattern of “loss or catastrophe as a passage to another world” and include several narrative structures such as familial bonds, the motif of “initial misrecognition of the traitor,” and the archetype of the “cottage or storytelling old woman.”However, Aryan, through creative transformation and localization of symbols, names, and settings, reshapes Lindgren’s fantasy framework into a mythic-cultural hypertext. From Genette’s perspective, this process may be defined as a form of serious transposition accompanied by ludic playfulness—that is, preserving the foundational structure of the hypotext while expanding its meaning and nationalizing its themes. Moreover, the findings indicate that the translated hypotext Aryan read during adolescence played a formative role in shaping his hypertext.Thus, The Dragon’s Palace is not a mere imitation but a creative reimagining that redefines the universality of fantasy models within a localized and historically grounded context. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of intertextual adaptation in young adult literature and the role of childhood readings in the creation of culturally specific hypertexts. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8625.html A brief look at the Persian books of students of different educational levels shows that attention to the effect of fantasy stories in the education of children and adolescents has been neglected by education and textbook authors. This study emphasizes the need to pay attention to fantasy in students' Persian books; for this purpose, the authors, by examining and analyzing the content of a total of 212 lessons from Persian books from the first grade of elementary school to the twelfth grade, have concluded that the share of fantasy in students' Persian books is less than 4%, and this amount is very insignificant and almost nothing considering the effect of fantasy on various mental and behavioral aspects of children and adolescents. The present study, using content analysis in the form of tables and graphs, has examined the frequency of fantasy in students' Persian books of all three educational levels. Then, while drawing the attention of education system officials and those responsible for writing textbooks to the functions and effects of fantasy in the lives of children and adolescents, he has presented suggestions for including this literary genre in Persian textbooks for students. The functions of fantasy, especially its educational and moral functions, are in line with the statement of the document on the fundamental transformation of education and the goals mentioned in the introduction to Persian textbooks. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8221.html Spin-off means "taken from" and refers to a novel, radio or television program, computer game, film, or any narrative work that is based on the story or concept of another work. Spin-offs are usually based on very successful works and sometimes on secondary characters of that story and include a prequel or independent story of these characters. If the same definition of spin-offs of the stories of the Shahnameh is considered as the framework and part of the fictional world of the Iranian epics, then by examining the story of Kok Kouhzad, one can achieve a proper understanding of the illustrative aspects of this text.This story is about the adventures of the teenage Rostam and an evil character named Kok Kouhzad and their conflict-filled relationship. The story revolves around Kok's victory over Rostam's ancestors and the killing of many Iranian heroes before him, and ultimately Kok's killing by Rostam.Since the imaginative and exaggerated elements in epic stories present many technical and financial limitations in depicting them, an attempt has been made to answer the main question of what factors can be emphasized to produce the fascinating world of Rostam's adolescence in the form of an adapted animated spin-off with lower costs within the framework of the animation.  https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8764.html Picture storybooks, as one of children's earliest engagements with conceptual understanding, function not only as educational and entertaining media but also as profound vehicles for conveying complex ideas. This qualitative study investigates the inherent philosophical-educational capacities of such texts by analyzing 15 notable picture storybooks (4 Iranian and 11 international). Data were collected through a “philosophical-educational reading and analysis” of both texts and illustrations and were examined using the “reflective intellectual content analysis” method in conjunction with Corbin's (2014) three-stage coding process (open, axial, and selective). The analytical procedure, which commenced with 102 initial codes and was refined through 15 components, ultimately yielded four overarching, interconnected capacities that constitute the conceptual framework of this study. These capacities are: (1) Dialectical Thinking—the ability to understand phenomena through contradictions and shifts in perspective; (2) Creative Agency—the capacity to engage in purposeful and transformative action; (3) Relational Ethics—the practice of interaction grounded in empathy and mutual responsibility; and (4) Existential Inquiry—the critical examination of human identity and our place in the world. The findings demonstrate that these four capacities, as an integrated foundation, are consistently present across diverse picture storybooks and underpin their profound philosophical-educational dimensions. This framework offers practical implications for authors and illustrators in the creation, evaluation, and deliberate selection of picture storybooks, for specialists in children’s literature and curriculum design, and for the facilitation of philosophical dialogues with children. Furthermore, it advances the recognition of the philosophical-educational potential of these texts beyond their entertainment value within both research and educational contexts. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8202.html Children’s songs and rhymes form a vital part of folk literature. Like other oral traditions, they emerge from the natural environment, climate, and the lived experiences of communities and remain deeply rooted in these elements. A significant portion of Balochi folk literature, particularly oral traditions related to children, remains undocumented and unpublished. Without proper recording, analysis, and dissemination, many of these cultural treasures risk being lost or altered over time, making it difficult to access the inherited cultural legacy and leaving gaps in our understanding of the Baloch people. Each geographical region and ecosystem carries its own unique characteristics, which inevitably shape human life. These environmental factors also influence the literary expressions of a society. This is clearly reflected in Balochi literature, including its children's songs. This study aims to examine Balochi children's songs through the lens of climate and environment, exploring how these factors shape the themes, structures, and educational roles of such songs. By analyzing the interplay between ecological conditions and oral traditions, the paper sheds light on the cultural significance of children's songs in Baloch society and emphasizes the urgency of preserving these intangible heritages before they fade or transform beyond recognition.   https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8496.html Analyzing and examining literary works of fiction as a mirror of human social life is an efficient method for assessing the quality of these works. The study of nonverbal behaviors, which is a relatively new field, includes all body movements, facial expressions, eye behaviors, vocal characteristics, environmental cues, and artifacts. In addition to improving the qualitative understanding of the work, the study of these nonverbal components and descriptive actions in fictional texts provides a deeper understanding of the fictional characters who are a reflection of society. The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method and based on library studies, analyzed the nonverbal and descriptive components in the story of Khomreh written by Houshang Moradi Kermani. The findings show that nonverbal and descriptive behaviors not only convey important messages about the feelings and inner states of the characters, but also play a fundamental role in creating atmosphere, setting, and characterization, and contribute to the dynamics of the narrative. In addition, these components play a key role in strengthening the effective connection between the reader and the story. In this story, Moradi Kermani has used a variety of facial expressions and eye behaviors, motor behaviors, and phonetic behaviors, especially phonemes. The main facial expressions, including laughing and crying, are more prominent than other expressions to show positive and negative emotions. Statistical examples show that motor behaviors in most cases have a complementary and substitute function, and eye behavior conveys the message of examining details and obtaining information, and is often of the type of careful gaze or avoiding gaze. Also, the emphasis on using phonemes and the sounds of natural elements and animals makes the role of the environment more prominent in the richness of the story. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8193.html Mostafa Rahmandoust (born 1950) is one of Iran's prominent children's and young adults’ poets who has had a massive influence on the enrichment and elevation of children's and young adults’ literature, particularly children's poetry. His works in the field of children's poetry from the Islamic Revolution to the present have enjoyed great popularity. Although various factors have contributed to the durability of his poems, it seems that the use of colloquial language, with components such as vocabulary, expressions and phrases, idioms, proverbs, and more, has also played a substantial role. Among these, colloquial vocabulary, as the most frequent elements of colloquial language, has been more effective in the durability of his poems. Rahmandoust's poetry, through the application of colloquial words, breaks norms, creates impact on the audience, and fosters empathy and closeness with them. This study is an effort to examine the impact of colloquial words on the durability of his children's poems and specifically seeks to find an answer to the questions: What is the relationship between folk literature, and in particular colloquial words, with the level of appeal, success, and durability of Rahmandoust's children's poems? And fundamentally, why do his poems still hold value, importance, and appeal for child audiences across all eras? https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8502.html This study investigates the translation of humorous comics for child and adolescent audiences, focusing on cultural adaptation strategies and intersemiotic translation in selected volumes of The Adventures of Tintin and Gil Jourdan rendered into Persian. The central concern is how a translator can preserve formal-textual cohesion in visual elements that carry culturally embedded meanings_ especially when such elements may be unfamiliar, inappropriate, or even taboo in the target culture. To address this, the research corpus examines intersemiotic translation strategies and the treatment of paratextual and graphic elements in Persian renditions of Red Rackham’s Treasure and The Castafiore Emerald, as well as The Diamonds and The Lost Submarine. The analysis draws on Kaindl’s concept of multimodality in intersemiotic translation, Kress and van Leeuwen’s cultural semiotics, and Skacelová’s notions of visual syntax and graphic material cohesion.Findings align with Cohn’s visual language theory, including his frameworks of visual lexicon, cognitive morphemes, and narrative grammar, confirming that comic translation for young readers involves complex cultural mediation far beyond linguistic transfer. The core challenge lies not only in conveying verbal-visual elements but in reengineering the intersemiotic cohesion of the source text across cultural, semiotic, and graphic-structural dimensions. Cultural adaptation for this sensitive audience requires careful monitoring of content reinterpretation of embedded visual codes, and graphic adjustments aligned with translation norms.Ultimately, successful translation demands a dual commitment to cultural domestication and respectful foreignization. The translator’s role as cultural mediator must be both faithful and creatively engineered, with later stages of the translation process oriented toward the experiential and socio-cognitive reception of young readers. Future research may explore genre-specific adaptation across cultures, including superhero comics and Japanese manga, or comparative studies of Persian, Arabic, and Turkish translations to map broader cultural expectations and ideological frameworks. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8310.html Positive psychology is a scientific approach that studies and examines human thoughts, behaviors, and emotions. Instead of focusing on weaknesses, it seeks positive aspects and human strengths. In other words, positive psychology is the empirical study of the actions that ordinary people perform in their daily lives to foster personal growth and success. One of the most influential and effective means of conveying the components of positive psychology to adolescents is through poetry. Delivering significant life concepts and psychological components in rhythmic and appealing verse is one of the major tasks of literature, particularly in children’s and adolescent literature. Adolescent poetry contains ideas and meanings that, beyond mere entertainment, can shape thought and create a distinct and influential personality in the individual. Through poetry, many essential concepts of adolescent development can be conveyed indirectly to readers. In today’s world, adolescents spend most of their time in virtual spaces and playing various computer games, a fact that worries many parents. The imaginative and enchanting world of poetry can greatly help adolescents learn important life principles and distance themselves from the virtual world. Without adult intervention, and by identifying with the characters of poems and stories, adolescents can overcome some of their problems to a certain extent. Considering the significance of these points, the present study aims to investigate the components of positive psychology in selected poems for young adults, to determine the extent to which poets have paid attention to vital life issues such as joy, hope and optimism, resilience, and self-efficacy. The main research questions are as follows: How are the components of positive psychology—hope, self-efficacy, optimism, happiness, and resilience—used in selected adolescent poems? Which of these mentioned components appears most frequently in adolescent poetry?  https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8765.html Considering the lullaby whispers, the importance of rhymes, and attention to rhythmic texts, children's poetry of the "A" age group is considered one of the most important literary categories. In the poems of some capable children's poets, humorous techniques appropriate to their age have been used. Humor in children's poems, with humor and satire, has a different meaning. Children experience a sense of laughter by using certain themes, sometimes these themes are so simple and unadorned that adults neglect to understand and pay attention to them. Awareness of humorous techniques in the works of children in the "A" age group is done in order to recognize their spirits for creative literary creations, because by using this awareness, the quality of children's works will increase significantly and the level of satisfaction of children and parents with poetry books for this age group will increase. Nasser Keshavarz, as one of the prominent contemporary poets in composing children's poems, has looked at children's poetry with a humorous approach. In this research, which was conducted in a qualitative-descriptive and interdisciplinary manner in line with psychological sciences and using a library method in two six-volume collections "Nini Kochulo" and two-volume "atal matal tarane" (specific to age group "A"), components such as: (communication with insects and animals, incomplete understanding and ignorance of natural phenomena, intentional mistakes, theme anomaly, de-familiarity, simulation and situational, behavioral humor) are identified as the most important humorous techniques in the poems of this group of children. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8307.html  Puberty represents a pivotal developmental stage in human life, characterized by extensive physical, psychological, and social changes, serving as a transitional phase between childhood and adulthood. This stage plays a fundamental role in shaping adolescents’ individual and social identity and guides their lived experiences. Young adult literature, particularly novels, functions as a cultural and educational tool with the capacity to depict these experiences and offer strategies for navigating the challenges of puberty. When adolescents engage in empathetic identification with characters, they directly confront issues of growth and identity formation. Despite the critical importance of this topic, a systematic analysis of puberty in Iranian adolescent literature—especially from comparative and gendered perspectives—has received limited scholarly attention. The present study focuses on two prominent novels of the 2010s:  The Clown by Hoda Hadadi and Call Me Ziba by Farhad Hassanzadeh, examining the representation of various dimensions of puberty in female adolescent characters. These two characters occupy different stages of adolescence and undergo distinct psychological, social, and familial experiences. Their age and developmental differences provide a basis for a comparative study of the pubertal process, illustrating how male and female authors, through differing narrative approaches, depict the growth and identity formation of adolescent girls.  https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8682.html This article aims to provide a morphological analysis of the “three-counsel test” pattern in Iranian folktales. The central problem of the study is to explain the narrative structure and thematic functions of tales in which the protagonist receives three pieces of advice and his fate is determined by observing or neglecting them. The corpus consists of ten selected Iranian folktales that exhibit the three-counsel structure. The research adopts a qualitative approach based on morphological analysis, drawing on Propp’s functional model. The findings indicate that the “three-counsel test” operates as a recurrent narrative function that plays a decisive role in plot development and is commonly associated with patterns of trial, acquisition of a valuable object, and transformation of the hero’s condition. Thematically, these tales emphasize modes of livelihood, economic legitimacy, transformation motifs, and the transmission of wisdom by a mentor figure. The number three functions not merely as a quantitative element but as a narrative mechanism for suspense, emphasis, and reinforcement of the moral message. The results suggest that three-counsel tales, beyond their didactic dimension, contribute to the articulation of social and economic values and represent a relatively stable pattern of wisdom transmission. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8356.html Human perception of the past in the form of "memory" or "recollection" plays a special role in the spatio-temporal continuum of the mind. Time and space constitute two stable pillars of the continuum. The fundamental question is how can the continuity of past-present-future time in the space of the home be explained by human perception? For Husserl, the phenomenology of time appears as a stable continuum that always continues. Husserl and Bachelard's phenomenological analysis of "time" and "space" leads to an abstract understanding of how the continuity between these two elements is observed. Aspects related to the perception of the three stages of time in the domestic environment are explored in Hector Malot's novel In Family. For Perrin, the heroine of Malot's story, the past is evoked through the soothing atmosphere of her shelters and at the same time she draws a dream of the future; because "home" is the space where dreams emerge and lost memories become actualized.   https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8621.html In the poetic universe of Sepehri, the “child” is not merely a remnant of a stage of life or a nostalgic image of the past; rather, it appears as a symbolic and liminal presence formed at the threshold between consciousness and the unconscious, nature and culture, language and silence, and mythic time and historical time. Drawing on the theoretical framework of Carl Gustav Jung’s analytical psychology and the concept of liminality, this study reexamines the child archetype in Sepehri’s poetry and seeks to demonstrate that, within this poetic world, the child is not a biological stage but a symbolic structure and a liminal position through which it becomes possible to break with the stabilized order of meaning and to experience an alternative horizon of perception. Using a descriptive–analytical method and focusing on elements such as immediate perception, perceptual simplicity, the suspension of meaning, and the subject’s relationship with nature, the study shows that the child archetype in Sepehri’s poetry activates a logic of liminality and leads to the suspension of entrenched dualities within human experience. The findings suggest that Sepehri represents the child not as a fixed identity or merely a moral symbol, but as an open, unfinished, and continually becoming subject—one situated at the threshold of psychological and existential transformation and capable of enabling a renewed connection with the truth of being. From this perspective, the child archetype in Sepehri’s poetry becomes a fundamental mechanism for reconfiguring the relationship between human beings and the world, playing a central role in shaping both the semantic horizon and the aesthetic logic of his poetry., this interpretation may offer a theoretical perspective for studies in children’s literature and enter into productive dialogue with contemporary approaches in the field that emphasize children’s agency, the fluidity of identity, and the crossing of fixed boundaries. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8222.html In Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis, naturalization refers to the process through which ideologies and power relations in discourse are presented as “natural,” “self-evident,” or “normal.” This concept demonstrates how language and discourse can unconsciously instill certain beliefs and values in individuals so that they accept them as “common sense” without questioning them. Violence—understood as deviant behavior involving coercion and harm—may manifest physically or more subtly through speech, gaze, or specific gestures. Houshang Moradi Kermani is one of the most prominent contemporary Iranian authors of young adult novels, widely admired for his fluid and appealing narrative style. According to the authors of this article, one of the notable features in most of his works is the naturalization of anger and violence. The point of concern is that when an author repeatedly represents anger and violence as everyday and inevitable, the audience may perceive them as ordinary rather than subject to critique.  https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8783.html Adaptation, a pervasive practice in cultural production, has long been evaluated through the lens of fidelity, often relegating the adapted work and its adapter to a derivative status. Challenging this paradigm, Linda Hutcheon reconceptualizes adaptation as an act of creative reinterpretation and purposeful reinvention. In her framework, the adapter emerges as a deliberate re-creator whose work, while intertextually grounded, can be assessed on its own aesthetic and functional merits. Drawing on Hutcheon's theory and adopting a comparative approach, this study examines Kamel Kilani's adaptation of the tale "Madinat al-Nuhas" in relation to its narrative source in One Thousand and One Nights. The analysis reveals that Kilani, operating with a distinct pedagogical agenda, strategically preserves the narrative core while introducing significant omissions and additions. He effects profound transformations in characterization, thematic emphasis, narrative style, and didactic purpose. By foregrounding magical and supernatural elements, he reconfigures this originally adult-oriented tale into a fantasy narrative tailored to the cognitive and affective needs of a juvenile readership. These alterations, far from constituting a betrayal of the source text, exemplify a successful instance of creative and responsible adaptation-one that revitalizes a classical narrative for contemporary young audiences and ensures the continuity of cultural heritage. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8136.html Children's poetry, in its modern definition, is a fairly new movement in Iranian literature. Since the emergence of this new literary trend, various poets from different periods have composed poems for children. However, in the era of distinct attention to this literary genre, Abbas Yamini-Sharif and Mahmoud Kianush definitely stand out with two different, and at times conflicting, approaches. Abbas Yamini-Sharif is one of the pioneers of children's poetry; he published his first work, Angels' Song, in 1946. Nonetheless, many attribute the bourgeoning of children's poetry to Kianush. Mahmoud Kianush, in his book Children's Poetry in Iran, first published in 1973, presented a framework of dos and don'ts for children's poetry. In this book, through discussions that are sometimes fair and at other times unfair and severe, he criticized Yamini-Sharif's poems. Kianush entirely expounded his opinions on children's poetry in his book, chiefly mentioning examples from his own poetry to support his arguments or criticizing Yamini-Sharif within those same discussions—without feeling the necessity to provide reasoning regarding the poems. One way to evaluate Kianush's claims about Yamini-Sharif is to apply his opinions to Yamini-Sharif's poems. This article scrutinizes three collections, Angels’ Songs (1946), Songs of the Early Buds (1966), and Talking Flowers (1971), due to their association and conventionality with Kianush's theories about children's poetry, to scientifically approve or disprove his claim that Yamini-Sharif is not a poet. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8666.html Given that personality develops during adolescence and that culture plays a crucial role in this process, the use of literary texts, particularly the stories of Masnavi-ye Ma’navi, could significantly help adolescents become more familiar with authentic Iranian culture. This is because storytelling is one of the most effective tools for adolescent education. The present study, therefore, introduces the Brainling Model as an efficient approach for creating the content of Masnavi stories for younger audiences. This model, developed by Pishghadam (2020), was inspired by MacLean’s triune brain theory and establishes a connection between language and four key components: culture (cultuling), emotion (emoling), sense (sensoling) and thinking (cogling). The paper first outlines the process of story production based on the Brainling Model, and then applies it to a selected story from the Masnavi, called “The lover’s escape from the guard and finding his beloved in the garden”. This story addresses the theme of despair, one of the most common outcomes of identity crisis during adolescence. Based on this model, learners become familiar with the underlying culture through the story’s content. To take into account learners’ emotions in selecting and producing the text, stories with positive meanings are utilized. To engage their senses, various images are employed and exercises are designed to activate as many senses as possible, while also paying attention to the sensory weight of the words. By simplifying the language to match learners’ understanding levels and clarifying complex words and expressions, the model facilitates deeper comprehension and more accurate reflection. Consequently, the findings suggest that employing the Brailing Model in creating Masnavi stories could help adolescents gain a deeper understanding of the stories and support the formation of a well-rounded personality. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8101.html The intensification of climate and environmental crises we confront today are undeniably a direct result of humanity's instrumentalization of nature and our often-destructive practices. This anthropocentric perspective has led to the valuation of the natural world based solely on its utility to human existence. However, as climate challenges intensify, it is imperative to embrace alternative approaches, such as bio-centrism and eco-centrism, which assert that humans are not the center of existence and all entities —both organic and inorganic—possess intrinsic value. Attention to the critical climate situation has made the importance of providing eco-centric education to children more serious for a deeper understanding of the relationship between humans and the biosphere/ecosphere. Transitioning from anthropocentric values to eco-centric values demands a change in the type of learning and content to which children are exposed. Children's literature, particularly through picture books, plays a crucial role in instilling moral values, including a strong emphasis on environmental values. Due to the hybrid nature of picture books, this type of children's literature addresses and engages both children and adults at the same time, facilitating meaningful dialogue around the themes they explore. this is a valuable opportunity for learning. Given this context, our research explores the representation of the relationship between family, children, and the nature/ecosystem in three Iranian story-picture books. This investigation is conducted through the lens of eco-centric values, aiming to analyze the capacity of these works to foster learning opportunities related to ecological consciousness.   https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8768.html AbstractMigration literature is one of the significant branches of postcolonial literature, offering a space for representing the lived experiences of migrants within diverse cultural contexts. Homi Bhabha’s theory of the “Third Space,” with its emphasis on fluid, in-between, and hybrid identities, provides a valuable theoretical framework for analyzing such texts. This study, employing a descriptive-analytical method and content analysis, investigates the representation of the Third Space in Our Home by Cynthia Kadohata. In this novel, the linguistic, racial, generational, and economic experiences of adolescent migrant characters are narrated in a way that leads to the formation of an in-between, hybrid, and layered identity. This identity belongs neither wholly to the culture of origin nor to that of the destination, but emerges within an interstitial and fluid space. An analysis of narrative elements—such as cultural conflicts, linguistic gaps, experiences of inequality, and discriminatory situations—reveals that the novel, through simple yet multi-layered language, effectively conveys complex concepts such as alienation, adaptation, self-redefinition, and identity tensions to its adolescent audience. The findings highlight the crucial role of young adult literature in articulating postcolonial concepts and fostering a deeper understanding of migrant identity positions in the contemporary world.Keywords: Postcolonialism, adolescent Migration Literature,, Homi Bhabha, ,Our Home https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8731.html The present study aims to examine the communicative patterns, semantic structure, and modes of conversational interaction in the collection Stories of Imam Reza (A.S.) by Mojgan Sheikhi, based on Grice’s Cooperative Principle. Grice’s theory, with its emphasis on the four fundamental maxims of Quantity, Quality, Relation, and Manner, provides an effective framework for analyzing dialogues and uncovering implicatures in narrative texts—particularly in religious children’s literature, where clarity, coherence, and effective transmission of educational concepts are of considerable importance. Using a pragmatic discourse-analysis approach and through close examination of the dialogues among characters, this study evaluates the extent to which the conversational maxims are observed or flouted, and how such patterns contribute to narrative progression and the transmission of Razavi teachings.The results indicate that the author largely adheres to the cooperative maxims by employing simple, comprehensible language appropriate to the cognitive abilities of young readers. Nevertheless, instances of deliberately flouted maxims—especially Relation and Quantity—are observed, typically used to create narrative tension, highlight moral messages, or draw the reader’s attention to key pedagogical points. The analysis of conversational implicatures reveals that Sheikhi effectively utilizes inferential meaning to convey religious concepts indirectly, enabling Razavi messages to become firmly established in the child’s mind without linguistic complexity yet with notable semantic depth. The findings demonstrate that applying Grice’s principles in religious children’s literature can produce narratives that combine attractiveness and readability with dialogic coherence and educational efficacy. These results may serve as a useful guide for authors, critics, and scholars of children’s literature within the domain of religious narratives. https://jcls.shirazu.ac.ir/article_8752.html The present study aimed to provide a psychological analysis of Belle’s character and her relationship with the Beast in the animated film . Using a qualitative approach grounded in content analysis, the study examined key scenes, dialogues, behavioral patterns, and emotional indicators through three theoretical frameworks: Stockholm syndrome, attachment theory, and archetypal individuation. Research data were collected through repeated viewing of the film, identification of pivotal scenes, and coding of relevant psychological concepts.The findings revealed that the initial relationship between Belle and the Beast contains characteristics associated with traumatic bonding, the threat–protection cycle, and cognitive restructuring. Several mechanisms linked to Stockholm syndrome, including defensive empathy, selective memory, and the reorganization of threat perception, were identifiable in Belle’s emotional transformation. However, analysis of the narrative trajectory demonstrated that Belle gradually moves beyond fear-based dependency toward psychological agency, conscious choice, and personal growth.The results further indicated that insecure attachment experiences, feelings of difference and social isolation, and the role of reversed caregiving in Belle’s relationship with her father constitute significant psychological factors underlying her emotional bond with the Beast. At a deeper symbolic level, archetypal analysis suggested that the Beast functions as a representation of the “shadow,” activating Belle’s confrontation with rejected and unconscious aspects of the psyche. Her gradual movement toward acceptance, empathy, and love was found to parallel the process of individuation and the development of the animus.Overall, the study suggests that the narrative of Beauty and the Beast cannot be reduced merely to a romantic relationship or interpreted solely as a simplistic representation of Stockholm syndrome. Rather, the film presents a complex psychological portrayal of the interaction between traumatic bonding, attachment dynamics, cognitive reconstruction, and psychological transformation within the process of individuation.